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So what is revolution all about ?
Modern medicine, although very successful, cannot overcome
all the illnesses of this world. The costs are very
high and there will never be enough doctors and hospitals
for all. It is also relative: a sick child can be placed
in an ICU (Intensive Care Unit), cured and sent back
home, but there is no garantee than the same child will
not be sick again.
The international Alma Ata conference (ex-USSR, 1978)
on primary health care, marked a turning point. 150
countries adopted a new strategy based on health for
all. This was a major change: leaving urban hospital
based models behind, the objective is now to bring basic
health care to local populations.
This new orientation emphasises prevention rather than
cure, encouraging personal initiatives and community
participation. Health is a complex domain. There are
links that exist between a healthy diet and resistance
to illness, between education of women and decrease
in child mortality, between survival of children and
decrease in child birth.
It is important to understand the link between costs
and benefits. In 1978, the WHO eradicated a deadly disease:
smallpox.
Vaccination and treatment are no longer necessary, it
is estimated that the yearly savings that Western countries
now make are more than the total cost of the eradication
campain.
The advantages go beyond the health sector. For instance,
a sick farmer is an unproductive farmer, therefore not
a good consumer (in a utilitary sense). Health, education,
food, productivity and prosperity are all linked to
each other, for the individual human being as well as
for the entire world population.
Before deciding if we have the will to contribute to
this revolution, maybe we should ask ourselves how much
will it cost not to have the revolution rather than
the cost of the revolution itself.
To understand the problem of health in the world, we
Westeners have to change our ideas.
It is not sophisticated procedures but rather simple
and basic measures that will achieve progress in this
domain. For example, drinking water, adequate sanitary
installations, better food, immunisation and treatment
of transmittable diseases (sexual and others such as
malaria).
The 200 medicines listed in the basic WHO list are more
useful and can save much more lives than the 25,000
medicines commercialised. We have to admit that our
resources will never be enough so that the Western medical
model can be available to all the inhabitants of our
planet, and that we will save more lives if we focus
on the social, preventitive and environmental aspects
of health care.
In order to illustrate this, we can look at the sums
of money invested in the medical domain. Health budgets
do not even reach 1 dollar per person in third world
countries, but can exceed 1,000 dollars in rich countries.
How can we explain that increadible sums of money are
spent to cure diseases in the "rich" countries,
but that, in poor countries, people go blind or die
because of lack of Vitamin A or simple immunisation
programmes? Let us change our ideas, and forget the
popular thought that health costs are always high. Primary
health care is cheap, and the cost-benefit ratio is
phenomenal.
We have to think about the future we are preparing for
our children. The “Brandt Report” makes
sober reading, one fighter plane costs as much as 40,000
health care centers in a developing country. This is
what Robert McNamara already said about absolute poverty
back in 1973 in Nairobi:
"Among those who survive, millions will lead a
diminished life following severe brain damage, their
growth stopped and their vitality diminished due to
very poor diet." This is what absolute poverty
is: Conditions of life so bad that it stops the development
of the genetical potential we all have in us at birth.
Conditions of life so degrading that it is an insult
to humain dignity, but sadly so widespread that it is
the lot of 40% of the population of developing countries."

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